{"id":9072,"date":"2024-11-28T09:24:02","date_gmt":"2024-11-28T09:24:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/?p=9072"},"modified":"2025-05-20T02:45:38","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T02:45:38","slug":"jurnal-cap-iii-despre-democratie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/2024\/11\/28\/jurnal-cap-iii-despre-democratie\/","title":{"rendered":"Journal, Chapter III \u2014 On democracy"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Se tot vorbe\u0219te despre democra\u021bie, dar niciunul din participan\u021bii la aceste dialoguri nu stie ceva despre asta. Democra\u021bia (\u00een zilele noastre) este \u00een\u021beleas\u0103 doar ca libertate (\u00een sensul larg al cuv\u00e2ntului, dreptul de a face orice) sau, mai exact, libertatea \u201e<em>de a bea cola \u0219i a purta blugi<\/em>\u201d. O libertate prost \u00een\u021beleas\u0103 de cei care nu fac distinc\u021bia \u00eentre drepturile fundamentale cu care te na\u0219ti (care sunt doar garantate de stat) \u0219i privilegiile acordate de stat care sunt susceptibile de limit\u0103ri (postez un filmule\u021b mai jos despre sursa acestor drepturi, nefragmentat ca s\u0103 se \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 contextul). O prim\u0103 concluzie este c\u0103: at\u00e2ta timp c\u00e2t drepturile \u0219i libert\u0103\u021bile fundamentale sunt garantate de constitu\u021bie, nimeni nu \u021bi le poate lua, poporul e singurul care poate decide asta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ajung\u00e2nd la constitu\u021bie \u0219i democra\u021bie, cea mai important\u0103 valoare social\u0103<em> (valoare suprem\u0103 cum este definiti\u0103 de constitu\u021bie)<\/em> este \u201edemnitatea\u201d. In art. 1 alin. 3 din Constitu\u021bie, demnitatea este eviden\u021biat\u0103 separat de celelalte drepturi \u0219i libert\u0103\u021bi fundamentale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 deja fenomenul \u201eGeorgescu\u201d tinde s\u0103 dea na\u0219tere la comportamente antisociale care deja ajung s\u0103 \u00eencalce drepturi \u0219i libert\u0103\u021bi, ba chiar demnitatea uman\u0103, as vrea s\u0103 citez un pasaj din cartea Institu\u021bia Libert\u0103\u021bii \u2013 Muriel Fabre Magnan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e<em>(&#8230;) dreptul trebuie s\u0103 afi\u0219eze demnitatea ca pe un &lt;&lt;adev\u0103r evident prin el \u00eensu\u0219i&gt;&gt;, doar c\u0103, efectiv aceasta nu se vede dec\u00e2t atunci c\u00e2nd este batjocorit\u0103. Demnitatea nu are, astfel, un con\u021binut \u00een sine, dar cap\u0103t\u0103 un con\u021binut prin modul \u00eenc\u0103lc\u0103rii sale. Ea este o institu\u021bie, deci este prin natur\u0103 formal\u0103, dar care se substan\u021bieaz\u0103 \u00een mod necesar \u00een functie de c\u00e2t de barbari pot fi oamenii cu semenii lor \u0219i de cum se manifest\u0103 aceast\u0103 barbarie. Demnitatea devine principiu care fondeaz\u0103 libertatea atunci c\u00e2nd inamicul principal nu mai este statul, iar riscul principal nu mai este pierderea libert\u0103\u021bii prin actiunea autorit\u0103\u021bii, ci barbaria oamenilor obi\u0219nui\u021bi, care sunt dispu\u0219i \u0219i capabili s\u0103-\u021bi masacreze sau \u0219\u0103-\u0219i \u00eenrobeasc\u0103 semenii. Experien\u021ba nazist\u0103, apoi dezvoltarea nem\u0103surat\u0103 a tehnicii \u0219i a pie\u021bei au reconfigurat inamicul. Reac\u021bia trebuie, la r\u00e2ndul ei reconfigurat\u0103. Ea presupune instituirea principiului demnit\u0103\u021bii, care &lt;&lt;este un raspuns la provocarea condi\u021biei umane&gt;&gt;. El este necesar pentru c\u0103 omul este a\u0219a cum este, adica imperfect: nici omniscient, nici atotputernic, dat totu\u0219i liber. Libertatea trebuie s\u0103 fie o libertate \u00een demnitate. <strong><u>Demnitatea sus\u021bine \u0219i, \u00een acelasi timp, limiteaz\u0103 libertatea<\/u><\/strong>.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0218i, \u00een \u00eencheierea, vreau s\u0103 reamintesc tuturor juri\u0219tilor, primul principiu de drept pe care \u00eel \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m \u00eenc\u0103 din primul an de facultate: \u201e<strong><em>Libertatea unuia se m\u0103rgine\u0219te unde \u00eencepe libertatea altuia<\/em><\/strong>.\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u0219a c\u0103, dragi rom\u00e2ni, egali \u00een fa\u021ba legii, nu abuza\u021bi de libert\u0103\u021bile, de drepturile fundamentale \u0219i de privilegiile dob\u00e2ndite cu mare efort \u0219i garantate de constitu\u021bie, fi\u021bi pa\u0219nici, folosi\u021bi argumentele \u00een scopul dezbaterii (accept\u00e2nd c\u0103 este posibil s\u0103 nu ave\u021bi dreptate, dezbaterea av\u00e2nd rolul ob\u021binerii de noi informa\u021bii, verificarea propriilor convingeri, validarea\/invalidarea unor idei prin c\u00e2nt\u0103rirea argumentelor expuse de interlocutor), iar nu \u00een scopul retoricii pentru a convinge semenii de propria credin\u021b\u0103 care poate fi corect\u0103 sau&#8230;gre\u0219it\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O alt\u0103 problem\u0103 subliniat\u0103 de Robert Turcescu este urm\u0103toarea: dac\u0103 participan\u021bii la o dezbatere nu de\u021bin proprietatea termenilor folosi\u021bi (\u00een defini\u021bie popular\u0103: nu au limbajul necesar) \u0219i\/sau nu au studiat suficient tema de dezbatere s.n. (aceasta fiind o condi\u021bie necesar\u0103 unei dezbateri), nu au nici  posibilitatea de a-\u0219i exprima ideile sau argumentele, iar frustrarea aceasta se transform\u0103 \u00een <em>violen\u021b\u0103<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prin urmare, sunt de p\u0103rere c\u0103 ar fi bine ca alegerile de anul acesta s\u0103 nu se transforme \u00eentr-o revolu\u021bie sau o divizare a popula\u021biei \u00een dou\u0103 tabere, fiind clar c\u0103, \u00een momentul de fa\u021b\u0103, poporul trebuie s\u0103 aleag\u0103 \u00eentre st\u00e2nga \u0219i dreapta, dar \u00een lumina unei alte clase politice dec\u00e2t cea pe care o cunoa\u0219tem deja, intervenind (iar) frica de necunoscut. Dac\u0103 ar exista posibilitatea s\u0103 \u00eel vot\u0103m iar pe Iohannis, mul\u021bi ar face-o dar nu pentru c\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i doresc asta, ci doar pentru c\u0103 este un r\u0103u pe care \u00eel cunosc deja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dac\u0103 tot avem \u00een vedere (ca exemplu) Democra\u021bia American\u0103 ar trebui s\u0103 avem nu doar p\u0103r\u021bile bune, ci \u0219i p\u0103r\u021bile mai pu\u021bin bune, care au condus la violen\u021be \u00een pragul alegerilor din ultimii 10 ani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Mai departe, nu putem s\u0103 facem altceva dec\u00e2t s\u0103 l\u0103s\u0103m candida\u021bii s\u0103 dezbat\u0103, iar sociologii \u0219i politologii (cei care pot fi obiectivi) s\u0103 fac\u0103 predic\u021biile cuvenite.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sursa: Pe drept cuv\u00e2nt #9 &#8211; min. 48-54 Cristian Terhe\u0219<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"382\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 848 \/ 382;\" width=\"848\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/1-1-1.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"382\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 848 \/ 382;\" width=\"848\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Se tot vorbe\u0219te despre democra\u021bie, dar niciunul din participan\u021bii la aceste dialoguri nu stie ceva despre asta. Democra\u021bia (\u00een zilele noastre) este \u00een\u021beleas\u0103 doar ca libertate (\u00een sensul larg al cuv\u00e2ntului, dreptul de a face orice) sau, mai exact, libertatea \u201ede a bea cola \u0219i a purta blugi\u201d. O libertate prost \u00een\u021beleas\u0103 de cei care [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9461,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9072","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articole"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9072","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9072"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9072\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9462,"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9072\/revisions\/9462"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9461"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9072"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9072"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.panghios.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9072"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}